Trends in Olympic and Commonwealth games records for throwing events

Throwing events have been an integral part of the track and field program in both Olympic and Commonwealth Games since their inception. Most scientific studies of these events have concentrated on biomechanical analysis or the physical capacity requirements of the athletes. This paper examines and compares the trends over time of the gold medal results of three throwing events in the Olympics and the Commonwealth Games for male competitors. Data was collected from the ‘Athletic’s Almanac’ web-site, for the period since inception of these games until the present day. The data was examined to identify the linear trends that exist for all three events. Similarities between results in the shot-put and hammer of a steady increase in distances thrown over time were evident. Whereas, the discus records showed a steeper positive relationship over time. In addition, critical world-wide incidents, trends in social expectations and increase in sports science and technical knowledge were concluded to have an effect on the results of these athletic pursuits in terms of acceleration periods and plateaus of results. In summary, trends in general for records in these throwing events showed a steady rise from the outset of competition until the late 1960s to early 1970s. Since this period, there has been considerable tapering off of improvements in distances achieved. These trends were seen in both the Olympic Games and the Commonwealth Games

POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF BST ON THE MINNESOTA MILK SUPPLY

Livestock Production/Industries,

A Review of the Open Educational Resources (OER) Movement: Achievements, Challenges, and New Opportunities

Examines the state of the foundation's efforts to improve educational opportunities worldwide through universal access to and use of high-quality academic content

Precision placement of fertiliser for optimising the early nutrition of vegetable crops : a review of the implications for the yield and quality of crops, and their nutrient use efficiency

The research outlined in this paper highlights the importance of the early nutrition of vegetable crops, and its long-term effects on their subsequent growth and development. Results are also presented to demonstrate how the nutrient supply during the establishment stages of young seedlings and transplants can be enhanced by targeting fertiliser to a zone close to their developing roots. Three different precision fertiliser placement techniques are compared for this purpose: starter, band or side-injected fertiliser. The use of each of these methods consistently produced the same (or greater) yields at lower application rates than those from conventional broadcast applications, increasing the apparent recovery of N, P and K, and the overall efficiency of nutrient use, while reducing the levels of residual nutrients in the soil. Starter fertilisers also advanced the maturity of some crops, and enhanced produce quality by increasing the proportions of the larger and/or more desirable marketable grades. The benefits of the different placement techniques are illustrated with selected examples from research at Warwick HRI using different vegetable crops, including lettuce, onion and carrot

Can international alliances influence sustainable fashion practices: a UK/Bangladesh experience?

The presentation will outline current work that has been undertaken as part of a three-year British Council funded Development Partnerships in Higher Education (DelPHE) project that brings together international collaboration between London College of Fashion (LCF), the BGMEA Institute of Fashion Technology (BIFT) in Dhaka and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). As retailers are increasingly under pressure to ensure that ethical and environmental standards run all the way through the supply chain, there is a need for research projects to explore best practice and ways forward to improve the competitiveness of the Bangladesh manufacturing sector to add value in this area

Studies on Fascioliasis with special reference to Fasciola Gigantica in East Africa

Following a general introduction, the extensive literature on fascioliasis is reviewed. The distribution, importance, pathogenesis and pathology of the disease are considered, with special emphasis on Fasciola gigantica infections.Field studies are reported on the epidemiology and control of F. ßiganti.ca in East Africa and a survey described of infections with Fasciola spp. in African wild mammals. This survey was undertaken in order to assess the importance of wild mammals in the epidemiology of this disease, in view of the increasing development of game parks and ranching schemes.The techniques used in the experimental studies are outlined with emphasis on those modified during this work. The techniques described include the cultural methods by which the infective agents were obtained, with special reference to the large scale production of metacercariae of F. gigantica and a detailed discussion of the problems which had to be overcome before this was possible. Other techniques described include those used in haematological examinations, faecal egg counts, liver function tests, serum enzyme assays and other biochemical studies.The difficulties which had to be overcome to obtain and maintain experimental cattle and sheep free of intercurrent diseases in Kenya are discussed.Observations are described which were made in the course of several experiments using a total of 35 sheep and 46 cattle in Edinburgh and in Kenya.In Edinburgh the experiments comprised studies on the pathogenesis of acute and chronic fascioliasis (Fasciola hepatica) in sheep.In Kenya chronic fascioliasis (F. gigantica) was studied in sheep with special emphasis on the economic importance of this condition. It was found that the infected animals gained weight more slowly than the uninfected controls and that this arose mainly from differences in the amount of body fat.Several experiments were carried out in Kenya on cattle infected with single doses of 500, 1000 or 2000 metacercariae of F. gigantica or with two doses of 500 metacercariae ten weeks apart. The pathogenesis of the disease and the parasitological findings in these animals are described in detail. Other studies described include observations on long term chronic fascioliasis in cattle.The gross pathology of P. giçantica infections in cattle from 2 -51 weeks after infection is also described.The main finding from these studies is that F. gigantica appeared to be less pathogenic for cattle than reported by earlier workers.There was no evidence of an "acquired self- cure" under the conditions of these experiments, which would support the suggestion that resistance to F. sigantica infections in cattle may be merely related to the fibrosity of the liver parenchyma. Further support was found for this suggestion from the study of the leucocyte levels and other observations.Evidence was found that F. gigantica has a relatively short life in cattle.The dissertation ends with a discussion of the results from the experimental infections

The music for Rameau's memorial services : a study and critical edition of the Messe des morts by Jean Gilles, as performed in 1764

This thesis focuses on alterations made in 1764 to the Messe des morts by Jean Gilles for performances at memorial services held in Paris to honour Jean-Philippe Rameau. For this commemoration two extracts from Rameau’s opera Castor et Pollux were set to sacred texts and included in the Messe, and a third addition was made, the source of which has been traced to an aria by the Italian composer Domenico Alberti. The suitability of these contrafacta is discussed both from a musical and a liturgical viewpoint.New parts for muffled drums and for orchestral horns were added to the Messe, and the role of the bassoons was expanded. These and other alterations, such as cuts, rhythmic changes and strengthening of parts, are examined by comparing the 1764 version of the Messe with the published critical edition of an earlier version.A review of extant manuscripts reveals that ideas for some of the alterations in 1764 may have originated in an arrangement of the Introit of the Messe, made by Joseph-Nicolas-Pancrace Royer, which was first performed in Paris in November 1750. On this occasion only the Introit was performed, and not the complete work, as previously reported. Discovered with two sets of performing parts for the Messe des morts were parts for a setting of the Dies irae by Louis Homet, suggesting that this piece was performed with Gilles’ composition when required.In an attempt to show how widely the Messe was used in France, an appendix containing details of performances has been compiled from various sources.Part II of the thesis contains the first critical edition of the 1764 version of the Messe des morts, together with a section on aspects of performance

The work-study innovative teaching programme : report of an innovative teacher education project

This report concerns the Work-Study Innovative Teaching Programme (hereafter referred to as WSITP), which was developed during 1975-1977 at Churchlands College, Western Australia. WSITP proposes a developmental approach to continuous long-term practice teaching and concurrent related lecture experiences as a means of assisting student teachers in their search for personal meanings about teaching and about themselves, and poses an alternative to the traditional teacher education model (such as the one at Churchlands) which tends to consist of compartmentalised college courses in prescribed areas of personal and professional development on the one hand, and distinctly separate periods of practice teaching on the other. The main focus of the report is on the planning, implementation and evaluation of a pilot study of WSITP which was conducted during the 1977 academic year by Churchlands College and three co-operating primary schools in the Perth metropolitan region

An investigation into the impact of an integrated curriculum on learning in the primary school

This thesis investigates cross curricular models (integrated curricula) and explores claims by advocates of such models that they enhance learning. A Case Study describes a primary school’s journey in developing its curriculum and pedagogy and highlights the questions that were asked and which relate to the theoretical accounts of knowledge and integrating curricula outlined in the study. It traces the origins of cross curricular studies to Dewey and the pragmatist view of knowledge and in the UK to the Plowden Report (1967). Exploring some cross curricular models, it indicates that they may do little to enhance learning as links between subjects can be spurious with the focus often on developing skills rather than knowledge, skills and understanding due to the constructivist origins on which these models have been based. Links between curriculum and pedagogy are investigated and it is suggested that developing a deeper understanding of knowledge and its concepts demands a more active approach to learning. Questioning the absence of any theory of knowledge by many modern curriculum designers, it also explores the social realist approach to knowledge which justifies bringing knowledge back into the school curriculum. It claims that the complex connections between subjects at a conceptual level make integration possible and will demand a more active learning process resulting in a deeper understanding of knowledge. Skills are developed through the logical demands and modes of enquiry of the school subjects and not through skills based models in which they are taught context free. A comparison is made between a cross curricular topic through a traditional approach and an approach through a conceptual lens which involves a deeper study of the individual subjects, brings a sharper focus to the study and allows generalisations to be made

John Hammond Moore Papers - Accession 435

The John Hammond Moore Papers consists of records and materials related to Dr. John Hammond Moore\u27s literary career. Dr. Moore (1924-2017) was a Winthrop professor of History from 1962-1965. The vast majority of the papers relate to Dr. Moore’s book, The Faustball Tunnel, which is an account of the escape of 25 German prisoners of war from Papago Park Camp, Arizona, December 23, 1944. The papers include National Archives records of the military papers relating to the escape, correspondence concerning the book, and photographs used in the book. Also included in the papers are records, notes, documents, correspondence, maps, photographs, reviews, and manuscripts concerning Dr. Moore’s books, The Young Errol, which was about Errol Flynn’s life, and Over-Sexed, Over-Paid and Over Here, which was about Americans role in Australia during World War II. Within the John Hammond Moore papers there are also articles, both published and unpublished, that spanned topics other than those of Dr. Moore’s books.https://digitalcommons.winthrop.edu/manuscriptcollection_findingaids/1539/thumbnail.jp